The BPM tempo of a piece of music is conventionally shown in its score as a metronome mark, as illustrated to the right. This indicates that there should be 120 crotchet beats (quarter notes) per minute. In simple time signatures it is conventional to show the tempo in terms of the note duration on the bottom. So a 4/4 would show a crotchet (or quarter note), as above, while a 2/2 would show a minim (or half note).
In compound time signatures the beat consists of three note durations (so there are 3 quavers (eighth notes) per beat in a 6/8 time signature), so a dotted form of the next note duration up is used. The most common compound signatures: 6/8, 9/8, and 12/8, therefore use a dotted crotchet (dotted quarter note) to indicate their BPM.
Exotic time and particularly slow time signatures may indicate their BPM tempo using other note durations.
Beats per minute became common terminology in disco because of its usefulness to DJs, and remain important in the same genre and other dance music.
In this context the beats measured are either crotchets (quarter notes) in the time signature (sometimes called down-beats, although the term is ambiguous), or drum beats (typically bass-drum or another functionally similar synthesized sound), whichever is more frequent. Higher BPM values are therefore achievable by increasing the number of drum beats, without increasing the tempo of the music. House music is faster around 120-128 bpm (from regular house music to UK Garage), and Jungle music generally ranges between 150-180 bpm. Psytrance is almost exclusively produced at 145 BPM, whereas Speedcore and Gabber music both frequently exceed 180 bpm.
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GENRE
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BPM RANGE
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Hip Hop/Rap/Trip-Hop
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60-110
BPM
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Acid Jazz
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80-126 BPM
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Tribal House
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120-128 BPM
|
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House/Garage/Euro-Dance/Disco-House
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120-135 BPM
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Trance/Hard House/Techno
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130-155 BPM
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Breakbeat
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130-150 BPM
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Jungle/Drum-n-Bass/Happy Hardcore
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160-190 BPM
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Hardcore Gabba
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180+ BPM
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